|
Descendents of Thomas King and Allice Goldinge
|
| MR = Monks Risborough | Thomas
Kinge| c.1550| |
|Allice Goldinge | |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas Kinge| b.1574 Aylesbury| |
|Ales ? | |
William
King| b.1576 Aylesbury| |
|Alice |Syret |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
| William King b.1601 MR |
Thomas| Warner| |
|Joan |
Richard| |
|Elizabeth |King |b.1603 |MR |
Richard| Miles| |
|Susan |King |b.1604 |MR |
Richard| Lane| |
|Jane |King |b.1606 |MR |
Thomas| Syred| | | |
|Adree |King |b.1608 |MR |
Thomas| King| b.1611| MR| |
|Elizabeth |Syred | | |
infant King b.1612 MR |
John King b.1613 MR |
Michael| Pond| |
Alis King b.1615 MR |
John King b.1617 MR |
William| King| c.1590| MR| |
|? |? | | |
|||||||||
| \|/ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William Syred b.1624 MR |
Lawrence Syred b.1631 MR |
Anne King b.? MR |
Richard King b.1635 MR |
Frances King b.1620 MR |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Thomas KINGE Birth: ABT 1550
The 1522 Muster Roll (as printed by the Bucks Record Society) has three Kings in the parish of Monks Risborough. The entries for the parish are divided into 4 sections, headed Monkenrisbroughe, (presumably the village itself), Medyll, Astrtote Ascott (the secondary settlements of Meadle and Askett) and 'In Monkes Risborowe' (which is odd, since it seems to duplicate the first section). There are no Kings in the first 2 sections. In Askett: William Kinge, who was assessed on 'Land and Tenements' worth 13s 4d, but not on 'Goods'. Henry Kinge, who was assessed on 'Land and Tenements' worth 6s, but not on 'Goods'. In Monkes Risborowe William Kinge, who was assessed on 'Land and Tenements' worth £1 13s 4d and 'Goods' worth £22 In the Muster Roll only freehold land was assessed - anyone owning only copyhold land (which would include most husbandmen and craftsmen) was assessed on goods only. It is usually reckoned that anyone assessed on land alone did not live in the parish - being taxed on goods was usually a sign that the taxpayer had his residence and farmyard or place of business (full of taxable assets) in the village. So the two Kings in Askett probably did not live there, but just owned a small amount of freehold land there. Where did they live? There are no other Henry Kinges in the Muster Roll (or at least not according to the index - though that has a number of omissions, and is not trustworthy). The index does show several other William Kings: one in Steeple Claydon (£10 of Goods - there are 5 other Kinges there, so this is clearly the original home of a family of Kinges), others in Addington (£2 of Goods), Bletchley (£1 in Goods) and Newton Longville (£1 in goods). The last three look like small husbandmen or artisans, but the one in Steeple Claydon is clearly a man of some wealth who might have owned land in other parishes. Perhaps the William in Askett is the same man as the William Kinge in the last section - individuals who owned land or goods in more than one parish would be entered in each of them, and perhaps the Monks Risborough assessors applied the same principle to individuals owning land in more than one sub-division of their parish. The William Kinge in the last section appears to have been resident in the parish, The value of his taxable goods is so high (the highest in the parish: only two others come anywhere near him) that it must represent more than just household and farmyard items - a large flock of sheep would be very likely. I am tempted to wonder whether he may in fact be a wealthy grazier, living somewhere else and owning land and keeping flocks in a number of parishes. He could well be the same man as in Steeple Claydon. If he did live in the parish then he appears to have been its leading inhabitant, and one would expect something to be known of him. It would also be interesting to see what the 1524/5 Lay Subsidy Roll (which has also been published by the Bucks Record Society) has to say about him. - Matt. Sixteenth C Agriculture and the beginnings of The Enclosures. Most farmers also owned a few animals. These animals were allowed to graze on the common land of the village. This common land also provided them with rabbits for food, timber for building and reeds for thatching. The first half of the 16th century saw a rapid growth in the cloth trade. This resulted in a great demand for wool. As prices grew it became more profitable for large landowners to switch from arable to sheep farming. Farmers began enclosing their fields with fences and hedges and filling them with sheep. Whereas growing crops involved employing large numbers of farm labourers, sheep farming needed very few workers. Large landowners wanted as much land as possible to be used for sheep farming. One way they did this was by enclosing the common land and using it for sheep farming. To obtain even more land for sheep farming the large landowners increased the rents they charged the peasants for their land. Unable to pay these increased rents, the peasants were forced to leave the land. In many areas the peasants rebelled against the enclosure of the common land. The most important rebellion took place in 1549 in Norfolk. Led by Robert Kett, thousands of peasants began to take down the hedges and fences that had enclosed the common land. The Norfolk landowners appealed to Edward VI for help and he sent over 13,000 troops to put down the rebellion. The king's troops defeated the peasant army at a place called Dussindale. Over 3,000 peasants were killed or injured. Afterwards Robert Kett and other rebels were executed for treason. Parliament realised that they had to try to do something about this problem. Laws were passed insisting that land that had recently been converted to pasture had to be used for arable farming. Parliament even passed a bill which imposed a poll tax on sheep. However, the people responsible for enforcing these laws were local landowners. As these were the very people who had been enclosing the land, these laws were often ignored. Thomas KINGE Birth: 15 Aug 1574 in Aylesbury, BKM : Burial: 5 Sep 1633 Monks Risborough (Meadle), BKM Thomas was born before the beginning of proper Parish Records in 1587 and so thus far no definite attribution as to his birth/baptism is possible. If he appears at all it will be on Muster Rolls or perhaps Manorial Court Records of the time. He was, however, an Elizabethan.
|